??本篇精读文章源自 The Economist | October 30TH-November 5TH 2021。法国热心于运用缩略词。 2. 条理收拾 ??【para.1】 以PFUE、MEAE、SGAE、PR四个词引出法国人对缩略词的酷爱 ??【para.2】 法国特别偏疼缩写（PFUE） ??【para.3】 PFUE 这个缩略词现已
??本篇精读文章源自 The Economist | October 30TH-November 5TH 2021。法国热心于运用缩略词。
2. 条理收拾
??【para.1】 以PFUE、MEAE、SGAE、PR四个词引出法国人对缩略词的酷爱
??【para.2】 法国特别偏疼缩写（PFUE）
??【para.3】 PFUE 这个缩略词现已处处可见了
??【para.4】 英美两国也有缩略词（NHS、NASA）
??【para.5】 法国在方方面面都有自个专用的缩写词
??【para.6】 法国人为何热心于缩略词？一些人将其追溯至 19 世纪末的现代国家组织
??【para.7】 也有可所以因为法国官僚个性凌乱化
??【para.8】 关于缩略词的运用，有关打点部分主张“适度即可，过为己甚”
??【para.9】 新鲜的是，法国在食物领域却没啥缩略词
3. 原文速递
The strange French addiction to acronyms
Why makethings simple when they can be complicated, then shortened?
[para1]French officialdom is abuzz with preparations for the PFUE, which the MEAE and SGAE are organising for the PR in 2022. Lost? Spare a thought for the outsider who must daily navigate the French passion for acronyms and initialisms.
[para2]All countries use them, but France has a particular penchant. The latest (PFUE) refers to the French Presidency of the European Union, which starts in January 2022 (and is in fact the presidency of the European Council).
[para3]No matter. The abbreviation is already everywhere, and, as the opening sentence says, officials from the foreign ministry and a secretariat in the prime minister’s office are preparing this occasion for the president.
[para4]The preference of the French for abbreviations is so ingrained that they scarcely notice it. Britain may have its NHS, or America NASA.
[para5]France has them for every part of life: transport (TGV, RER, SNCF), politics (PS, EELV, LREM, LFI, RN (formerly the FN) and LR), unions (CGT, CFDT), work (SMIC, CDD, CDI, CSE, RTT), the police (BRI, RAID), taxes (CSG, URSSAF, IFI). The principle seems simple: why use a word like budget when an abbreviation like PLF (projet de loi de finances) will do?
[para6]What is behind this zeal? Some date it to the organisation of the modern state in the late 19th century, when bodies such as unions (CGT) or the political movements that later joined together as the SFIO, the precursor to the Socialist Party (PS), emerged, and with them the complex names that deserved shortening.
[para7]Perhaps it is also the result of the state’s tendency to bureaucratic complication; an acronym can simplify rather than confuse. So the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Fran??ais (the national railway) becomes the less indigestible SNCF.
[para8]The fact that practitioners of such an elegant language infect it with such abominations has not gone unnoticed. The Académie Fran??aise, which polices such matters, recommends that when it comes to acronyms “moderation is a good thing and abuse dangerous.”
[para9]Curiously, one of the few spheres in which the French leave prolix deions alone is food. No CDC for confit de canard, nor BDV for blanquette de veau. Organisational or bureaucratic life, it seems, is to be tolerated and shortened. Gastronomy can take its time.
4. 内容精读
?? acronyms [????kr??n??mz] n. 首字母缩略词
AIDS is an acronym for" Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
简称艾滋病的全称是“获得性免疫残损归纳征”。
?? navigate [??n??v??ɡe??t] v. 导航;断定(船、飞机、轿车等)的方位和方向;飞翔;帆海;横渡;找到正确办法(抵挡困难凌乱的情况)
to navigate by the stars
根据星斗断定航向
I'll drive, and you can navigate.
我开车，你引路。
How do you navigate your way through a forest?
你怎么才干设法走出森林？
?? penchant [??pent????nt] n.嗜好;喜爱;嗜爱
She has a penchant for champagne.
她酷爱香槟酒。
a stylish woman with a penchant for dark glasses
喜爱戴墨镜的时髦女子
?? ingrained [??n??ɡre??nd] adj. 根深柢固的;日久难改的
ingrained prejudices
很深的成见
Morals tend to be deeply ingrained.
道德观念一般根深柢固。
?? zeal [zi??l] n. 热心；热情
The reforms were carried out with an almost messianic zeal.
变革是以极大的热心进行的。
The reporter took on the assignment with great zeal.
那位记者非常热心肠去实施这项使命。
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